What is called Drugs
Narcotics are substances or drugs derived from plants or not the plant, either synthetic or semi-synthetic that can cause a decrease or change in consciousness, loss of pain and can cause dependence (Law No. 22 in 1997). Which include the type of Narcotics is:
• Papaver plant, raw opium, opium cooking (opium, opium dust, jicingko), opium drugs, Morphine, kokaina, ekgonina, cannabis plants and cannabis resin.
• Salts and derivative-derivative of Morphine and kokaina, well-mixed and mixed-dosage preparations containing the above ingredients.
Psychotropic substances or drugs are either natural or synthetic, rather than narcotics, a potent psychoactive through selective effect on the central nervous system that causes changes in mental activity and behavior (Law No. 5 / 1997). Psychotropic substances, including, among others:
• Sedatin (Pil BK), Rohypnol, Magadon, Valium, Mandarax, Amfetamine, Fensiklidin, Metakualon, Metifenidat, Phenobarbital, Flunitrazepam, Ecstasy, Shabu-shabu, LSD (Lycergic Eyebrows Diethylamide), etc..
Another dangerous addictive ingredient is a natural material, semi-synthetic or synthetic that can be used as a substitute for Morphine or kokaina that can interfere with central nervous system, such as:
• containing ethyl alcohol ethanol, inhalen / sniffing (solvent) of organic matter (carbon) to produce the same effect produced by the alcoholic beverage or drug, if the aroma is inhaled anaestetik. Example: glue / adhesives, aceton, ether, etc..
Types of Drugs by the effect
Of the effect, drugs can be divided into three:
1. Depressants, which suppress the central nervous system systems and reduce the functional activity of the body so that the user feel calm, even could make users sleep and lost consciousness. If overdose can cause death. Depressant drug types include opioda, and various derivatives such as the Morphin and heroin. Examples are popular now Putaw.
2. Stimulant, stimulating the body functions and increase excitement and awareness. Type of stimulants: Caffeine, Cocaine, Amphetamin. The example often used is now Shabu-shabu and Ecstasy.3. Hallucinogens, its main effect is to change the perception or result in hallucinations. Hallucinogen derived mostly from plants such as mescaline from cactus and psilocybin from mushrooms. There was also mixed in the laboratory jugayang like LSD. The most widely used is marijuana or hashish.
Drug Abuse
Most substances in the drug actually used for the treatment and penefitian. But for various reasons - ranging from a desire to try it, come trends / styles, symbol of social status, to forget problems, etc. .. - The drugs and then misused. The use of continuous and ongoing will cause dependency or dependencies, also called addiction.
Levels of abuse are as follows:
1. try
2. fun
3. use at the time or under certain circumstances
4. abuse
5. dependence
Impact of Drug abuse
If the drug is used continuously or exceed specified will result in dependence. Addiction is what will lead to physical and psychological disorders, because of damage to the central nervous system (CNS) and the body organs like heart, lungs, liver and kidneys.
The impact of drug abuse on a person depends on the type of drug used, the user's personality and the situation or condition of the user. In general, the impact of drug addiction can be seen in the physical, psychological and social one.
Physical Impact:
1. Disturbances in the nervous system (neurological) such as seizures, hallucinations, disturbances of consciousness, the nerve damage
2. Disturbances in the heart and blood vessels (CVD) such as: acute infection of the heart muscle, blood circulation disorders
3. Disorders of the skin (dermatological) such as: penanahan (abscess), allergies, eczema
4. Disturbances in the lungs (pulmonary) such as: emphasis on respiratory function, difficulty in breathing, hardening of lung tissue
5. Frequent headaches, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, diarrhea, increased body temperature, reduction of heart and trouble sleeping
6. Impact on reproductive health is padaendokrin disorders, such as: reduction in reproductive hormone function (estrogen, progesterone, testosterone), and sexual dysfunction
7. Impact on adolescent reproductive health in women include changes in menstrual periods, menstrual irregularity, and amenorhoe (no period)
8. For drug users through needle, especially the use of hypodermic needles in turn, the risk is of contracting diseases such as hepatitis B, C, and HIV that until now there has been no cure
9. Drug abuse can be fatal when there is Over dosage drug consumption exceeds the body's ability to receive it. Over dosage may cause death
Impact of Psychic:
1. Slow work, sloppy work, often tense and anxious
2. Lost self-confidence, apathy, dreamer, full of suspicion
3. Agitatif, became violent and brutal behavior
4. Difficulty concentrating, feeling upset and depressed
5. Tend to hurt themselves, insecurity, and even suicide
Social Impact:
1. Mental disorders, anti-social and immoral, excommunicated by the environment
2. Onerous and a burden on family
3. Education was disrupted, the future bleak
Impact of physical, psychological and social are closely connected. Physical dependence will lead to a sense of great pain (withdrawal) when going off medication (not taking medication at the time) and the psychological boost of a very strong desire to consume (the language gaulnya sugest). Physical and psychological Gejata is also related to social phenomena such as the urge to lie to parents, stealing, angry, manipulative, etc..
Danger for Teens
Adolescence is a developmental phase between childhood and adulthood. The development of a person in childhood and youth will shape the development of the self in adulthood. That's why when the time children and adolescents damaged by drugs, or even the bleak future hancurlah.
In adolescence, it is the desire to experiment, follow the trends and lifestyles, as well as great fun once. Although all the trends that it's perfectly natural, but it can also make it easier for motivated teens abusing drugs. The data show that the number of drug users the most is the age group of teenagers.
The problem becomes even worse when the use of drugs, the teenagers contracting and transmitting HIV / AIDS among teenagers. This has been proven from the use of drugs through a needle in turn. This nation will lose a lot of teenagers from drug abuse and the spread of HIV / AIDS. Loss of adolescents with loss of human resources for the nation.
What can be done?
Much can still be done to prevent teenage drug abuse and help teenagers who have gotten drug abuse. There are three levels of intervention, namely
1. Primary, before the abuse occurs, usually in the form of education, dissemination of information about the dangers of drugs, the approach through the family, etc.. Government agencies, as well as the BKKBN, more contribute to this intervention phase. activities carried out around the provision of information through various forms of IEC materials are intended for direct youth and families.
2. Secondary, at the time of use has occurred and recovery efforts needed (treatment). This phase includes: the initial acceptance phase (initialintake) between 1 - 3 days to perform physical and mental examination, and Phase detoxification and treatment of medical complications, between 1 - 3 weeks to make reductions dependence addictive substances in stages.
3. Tertiary, the effort to rehabilitate those who have used and in the healing process. This stage usually consists of the stabilization phase, between 3-12 months, to prepare the user back to the community, and socializing in the community phase, so former injecting drug able to develop a meaningful life in society. This stage is usually in the form of counseling activities, create support groups, develop alternative activities, etc..
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